Climate Migration, Resource-Based Conflicts, And Climate-Sensitive Solutions In Garissa And Turkana Counties
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
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Abstract: This study examines the intersections of climate change, human mobility, and resource-based conflicts in Garissa and Turkana Counties, two ASAL regions highly vulnerable to environmental shocks. Conducted by the International Organization for Migration (IOM), it uses a mixed-methods approach—88 key informant interviews, 17 focus group discussions, and 40 ethnographic walks—to explore drivers of climate-induced displacement, including droughts, floods, land degradation, and water scarcity. The report documents community-led resilience strategies such as drought-resistant crops, reforestation, flood management, and early warning systems facilitated by meteorological services. Special attention is given to gendered vulnerabilities, with differentiated impacts on women, youth, elderly, and persons with disabilities. The study identifies priority interventions including improved water access, peacebuilding, conflict-sensitive migration planning, and inclusive governance. It concludes with actionable recommendations to guide local and national policies toward sustainable climate-resilient livelihoods.