Evaluating Migration As Successful Adaptation To Climate Change: Trade-Offs In Well-Being, Equity, And Sustainability
Elsevier
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Abstract: This perspective article assesses whether climate-linked migration can be classified as successful adaptation. Using frameworks of well-being, equity, and sustainability, it evaluates cases from Africa and Asia, including intra-household dynamics and rural-to-urban migration. It highlights gendered disparities, urban precarity, and remittance dependencies. While migration may enhance income and reduce exposure, it often perpetuates inequalities and social stress. Kenya-specific examples demonstrate how rural women take on heavier workloads as male household members migrate. The paper calls for policies that integrate migrant needs into urban planning, social protection, and adaptation frameworks. It cautions against viewing migration purely as a coping mechanism and advocates a justice-centered lens. Evaluation tools and indicators are proposed for future adaptation planning.